Which of the following medications is classified as a benzodiazepine?

Alprazolam is classified as a benzodiazepine due to its pharmacological properties, which include anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing), sedative, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant effects. Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA receptor in the brain, leading to increased calming effects on the central nervous system.

In clinical practice, alprazolam is commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders, panic disorders, and anxiety resulting from depression. Its effectiveness in providing rapid relief from acute anxiety symptoms highlights its role within the benzodiazepine class.

Other medications listed, such as clonidine, fluoxetine, and citalopram, belong to different classes and serve distinct purposes. Clonidine is primarily used as an antihypertensive and for ADHD, while fluoxetine and citalopram are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) used primarily for depression and anxiety disorders but do not share the same mechanism of action as benzodiazepines.