Which complication is possible following a cerebrovascular accident?

Following a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), or stroke, the risk of complications increases significantly due to the potential for reduced mobility, impaired swallow reflex, and the overall impact on the body's systems. Among the various complications, pulmonary embolism is a notable concern.

When a patient suffers a stroke, they may experience reduced mobility, leading to prolonged bed rest. This immobility can result in venous stasis, which is a condition where blood flow in the veins slows down. When blood flow is sluggish, it increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can lead to clots formed in the deep veins of the legs or other areas. If a clot dislodges, it can travel to the lungs, resulting in a pulmonary embolism — a serious and potentially life-threatening condition.

While pneumonia is certainly a concern due to an increased risk of aspiration and weakened respiratory function, diabetes and cardiac arrest, although they can occur in stroke patients, are not direct complications specifically tied to the aftermath of a cerebrovascular accident in the same way that pulmonary embolism is related to immobility and clot formation. Understanding the immediate and long-term risks following a stroke can help guide preventive strategies and interventions in clinical practice.