Which anticonvulsant medication is associated with gingival hyperplasia?

The association of gingival hyperplasia with certain anticonvulsant medications is particularly noted with phenytoin, commonly known by its brand name, Dilantin. Gingival hyperplasia is a condition characterized by an overgrowth of gum tissue which can occur as a side effect of long-term phenytoin treatment. This side effect is believed to be related to the drug's impact on the metabolism of certain factors involved in gum tissue growth.

Phenytoin is often prescribed for the management of seizures and works by stabilizing the electrical activity in the brain. The risk of gingival hyperplasia is a significant consideration for patients on long-term phenytoin therapy, and healthcare providers often recommend regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices to mitigate this side effect.

While Carbamazepine, Valproic Acid, and Lamotrigine are also used as anticonvulsants, they are not typically associated with gingival hyperplasia in the same way.